陜西商州區(qū)中學(xué) 李擁軍
1.信息提示法
例:I was really anxious about you . You _____ home without a word. A. mustn't leave; B. shouldn't have left C. couldn't have left; D. needn't leave
【解析】依據(jù)題干所給信息:“was”和“without a word”便不難讀出“I”的責(zé)備之意。故選B。
2.句子結(jié)構(gòu)法
例: _____ from the top of the mountain , the city looks beautiful . A. Seen; B. See C. Seeing D. To see
【解析】本題需綜合運(yùn)用語法知識,句子主語是the city , see與the city 之間存在“動賓”關(guān)系,故選用過去分詞,如是“主謂”關(guān)系,則用現(xiàn)在分詞。
3.轉(zhuǎn)換句式法
例:.---Mr. Wang ,whom would you rather ______ the important meeting?---Tom. A. have attend B. have attended C. having attend D. have to attend
【解析】將題干的句式轉(zhuǎn)換成自己熟悉的句式,就很容易選出正確答案。如:將疑問句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、感嘆句或倒裝句改為陳述句,將被動句改為主動句,將無序句調(diào)整為正常句。此題若將疑問句改為陳述句,就是I have Tom attend the important meeting。其中would rather 后必須跟動詞原形,have sb do sth。所以選A。
4.語境分析法
例: —Susan, will you please go and empty that drawer? —___? A. What for B. What is it C. How is it D. How come
【解析】本題語意為:—Susan,去把那個抽屜倒空好嗎?—干嗎?/為什么?答者不知為何要倒空抽屜,所以問為什么。故需選What for?它是What are you going to use the (empty)drawer for?的省略,近于why的用法。故選A,其余選項(xiàng)不合語境。
5.排除干擾法
例:We agree to accept______they thought was the best tourist guide. A. whichever B. whoever C. whatever D. whomever
【解析】將起干擾作用的定語從句、介詞短語或插入語,如I think/ suppose/believe,do you think/ suppose/believe, you know,of course等刪除,從而更容易地選出正確答案。去掉插入語they thought ,可知賓語從句缺主語,又能與the best tourist guide 搭配的,只有答案B。
6.對稱結(jié)構(gòu)法
例:---English has a large vocabulary,hasn't it?
---Yes. ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.(上海)
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
【解析】就是在作題的過程中要善于利用and, but等并列連詞。若前面是個句子,后面也是個句子,反之亦然;若連接的是幾個動詞,這幾個動詞也必定是同一時態(tài)或同一形式。此題第二個and后面是個句子,所以前面也必定是一個句子,但是前面這個句子沒有主語,只能選用動詞原形,構(gòu)成一個祈使句,因此答案是A。
7.標(biāo)點(diǎn)提示法
例:He is always really rude, ______is why people tend to avoid him. A. that B. it C. this D. which
【解析】此題很容易選A,因?yàn)橥瑢W(xué)們很熟悉that is why…這個句型,而事實(shí)上此題的答案是D,因?yàn)閮蓚句子之間是逗號,又無連詞,因此是個復(fù)合句,所以要用which引導(dǎo)一個非限制定語從句。若將逗號改成and,答案就是A了。
8.固定搭配法
例:Mr. Smith used to smoke ______ but he has given it up.(天津) A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly
【解析】在平時的學(xué)習(xí)中注意積累一些常見的固定句式、動詞與副詞的搭配、名詞和形容詞的搭配等。因?yàn)橹笩煱a或酒癮很重,要用heavy或heavily ,此外,雨雪下得“大”、煙霧“濃”、交通“擁擠”、波濤“洶涌”等,也用heavy。
9.消除定勢法
例:Shanghai is larger than ____city in India.
A. any other B. other C. all other D. any
【解析】“比較級+ than any other + 名詞”這一結(jié)構(gòu)為思維定勢,而此題應(yīng)考慮 “地理范疇”,故答案是D。
10. 是否句子法
例:He wrote five novels, two of ______translated into English. A. it B. them C. which D. that
【解析】此題很容易誤選C,以為后面是非限制性定語從句。事實(shí)上, translated是過去分詞,而不是謂語動詞,后面不是句子,無須連詞,所以答案是B。若在translated前加上were,were ranslated就是謂語,這時就 選連詞which。
11.識別句型法
例 ______is known to everyboby, light travels much faster than sound. A. It B. As C. That D. What ______is known to everyboby that light travels much faster than sound.
【解析】有的句型十分相似,若不仔細(xì)分辨,很易出錯。此題選B,as引導(dǎo)一個非限定性定語從句,先行詞是后面整個句子。若將逗號改為that,就選A,it是形式主語, that引導(dǎo)主語從句;若又在that前加個is,則應(yīng)選D,what引導(dǎo)的是主語從句,that引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。
12.習(xí)慣差異法
例 :——Do you think I could borrow your dictionary?
—— _______. A. Yes, you may borrow B. Yes, you could C. Yes, help yourself D. Yes, go on
【解析】本題結(jié)合語境,A. D均不符表達(dá)習(xí)慣。B中could不妥,應(yīng)用 Yes, help yourself意為“隨意取用”,故C為正確選項(xiàng)。 (作者:陜西商州區(qū)中學(xué))